Understanding Formula Allergy in Babies
If your baby frequently vomits or experiences diarrhea after consuming formula, it might be allergic to the cow’s milk protein commonly found in most formulas. This type of allergy, known as a milk allergy, occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies milk protein as a harmful substance and reacts against it.
Milk allergy is the most prevalent food allergy among children, affecting 2 to 3 percent of kids under the age of three. However, symptoms resembling a milk allergy may also be caused by milk intolerance or sensitivity, which primarily leads to gastrointestinal discomfort. If you suspect your baby is reacting poorly to formula, consult your pediatrician for an accurate diagnosis.
Symptoms of Formula Allergy
Milk allergy in babies often manifests through gastrointestinal issues, such as:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Blood or mucus in the stool
- Unusually hard or excessively loose, watery, and foul-smelling poop
- Abdominal pain
- Frequent spit-up and excessive gas
Other symptoms not related to the digestive system include:
- Itchy, watery, or swollen eyes
- Chronic nasal congestion
- Runny nose
- Cough
Additionally, allergic reactions can cause skin issues like hives, characterized by itchy, raised bumps that may appear anywhere on the body. Eczema, presenting as red, itchy, or dry skin, is another common symptom, particularly on the cheeks and scalp of babies.
If your baby is consistently fussy or uncomfortable after feeding, and you observe these symptoms, it is essential to consult your doctor. Symptoms of a milk allergy can appear days to weeks after introducing cow’s milk-based formula.
Also read: Milk Allergy And Lactose Intolerance In Babies: What You Need To Know
Severe Allergic Reactions
In rare cases, a severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis can occur. Symptoms include:
- Turning blue
- Wheezing
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
If your baby exhibits any of these signs, seek emergency medical help immediately by calling 911 or going to the nearest emergency room.
Milk Allergy vs. Lactose Intolerance
Distinguishing between a milk allergy and lactose intolerance can be challenging due to overlapping gastrointestinal symptoms. While a milk allergy involves an immune response to milk protein, lactose intolerance is a digestive issue where the body lacks sufficient lactase enzyme to break down lactose. This condition typically emerges in older children and adults, and symptoms include diarrhea, bloating, and gas.
Managing a Formula Allergy
If your baby is diagnosed with a formula allergy, your doctor will likely suggest an alternative formula, such as a hypoallergenic (hydrolyzed) formula or an amino acid-based formula, both of which are processed to reduce allergic reactions.
Soy formula is generally not recommended for babies with a milk allergy due to its allergenic nature. Approximately 8 to 14 percent of babies allergic to cow’s milk also react to soy. Always consult your pediatrician before making any formula changes.
Emergency Preparedness
For babies with severe milk allergies, your doctor might advise having epinephrine auto-injectors on hand to manage accidental exposure to milk products and prevent severe allergic reactions.
By working closely with your child’s doctor, you can ensure your baby receives the appropriate nutrition while minimizing allergic reactions and maintaining their health and well-being.
Also read: Is It Normal For My Newborn To Poop After Every Feeding?
